Saturday, February 16, 2008

Sade : a Biography by Maurice Lever

I've not read any of de Sade's own writing, so this biography serves as my only introduction to his life and work.

The Marquis de Sade had the misfortune of becoming the archetype of the libertine just as the Age of the Libertine was coming to an ignominious end and the disruption of French society culminated in the Revolution. This book's account of how he found a way to survive, write, and maintain relationships through every sort of societal turmoil, legal problems, family rifts, and years of incarceration and institutionalization, is remarkable. While his hubris, manipulation of others, and chameleon character meant his life and well-being were constantly under threat; these self-same qualities frequently saved him from the worst consequences of his actions.

The term "libertine" covers a lot of territory the boundaries of which de Sade repeatedly crossed and violated to the extreme - even into old age. If the word is only taken to mean such things as court fop, free thinker, rake, sexual experimenter, one who is licentious, then a full and accurate picture of the marquis cannot be drawn. He was all of these things. However, he was also kidnapper, child molester, rapist, and torturer. He frequently used his position of nobility and wealth to practice his violent and degrading sexual predilections on domestics, children, and poor people. It is absurd to cast him in the role of free thinker or protector of sexual freedom when account is taken of the whole man.

Nonetheless he had some talent for writing and thinking on a variety of subjects such as the theater, politics, and religion. I look forward to the opportunity to read his own words on these topics as well as those works on which his notoriety rests.

This is an excellent biography that benefits from previously unpublished correspondence and other materials discovered by the author. The translation (from French) is also quite well done. ( 4 stars )

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